| 296 | * | St Marcellinus begins his reign as Catholic Pope. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1294 | * | Jews are expelled from Berne Switzerland. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1629 | * | The settlers of Salem, Mass. appointed Samuel Skelton as their pastor, by ballot. Their church covenant, afterward composed by Skelton, established Salem as the first non-separating congregational Puritan Church in New England. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1741 | * | Pope Benedict XIV encyclical forbidding traffic in alms. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1780 | * | Benjamin Randall organized a fellowship of churches known as Free Will Baptists in New Hampshire. It became one of the early branches of the National Association of Free Will Baptists, which was formed in 1935. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1834 | * | Congress creates Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1837 | * | The pillory is no longer a means of punishment in the United Kingdom. | Ref: 62 |
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| 1838 | * | William (King) and Ada (daughter of Lord Byron) become the Earl and Countess of Lovelace. | |
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| 1841 | * | The Erie Railroad rolled out its first passenger train on this day. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1864 | * | Yosemite Valley becomes state park granted to California by act of Congress. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1865 | * | (Lincoln Assassination Conspiracy) The Military Commission determines its verdicts and sentences. Four Lincoln assassination conspirators (Herold, Mary Surratt, Powell, and Atzerodt) are sentenced to die, three (O' Laughlin, Arnold, and Mudd) to life terms, and one (Spangler) to a prison term of six years. | Ref: 87 |
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| 1870 | * | Ada Kepley becomes first female law college graduate. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1881 | * | Henry Highland Garnet, named minister to Liberia. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1893 | | The Excelsior diamond (blue-white, 995 carats) is discovered. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1894 | * | Korea declares independence from China, asks for Japanese aid. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1900 | * | 4 German liners burn at Hobokon Docks NJ, 326 die | Ref: 5 |
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| 1906 | * | John Hope becomes first black president of Morehouse College. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1906 | * | Pure Food & Drug Act & Meat Inspection Act adopted. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1908 | * | A mysterious explosion, possibly the result of a meteorite, levels thousands of trees in the Tunguska region of Siberia with a force approaching twenty megatons. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1909 | * | In Rome, the Catholic Pontifical Biblical Commission issued a decree interpreting the first 11 chapters of Genesis as history, not myth. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1911 | * | (Triangle) New York creates a Factory Investigating Commission to examine the need for new legislation to prevent future fire disasters. The Commission will inspect 1,836 establishments and interview 222 witnesses before issuing its report. In part because of the work of the Commission, "the golden era in remedial factory legislation" is launched. Over the next three years, New York will enact 36 new safety laws. | Ref: 87 |
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| 1911 | * | US Assay Office in St Louis MO closes. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1914 | | Mahatma Gandhi's 1st arrest, in campaign for Indian equal rights in South Africa | Ref: 5 |
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| 1919 | * | Attorney General Palmer directed that the BOI (forerunner of the FBI) be placed under the Assistant Attorney General's direction. William E. Flynn, former Chief of the Secret Service, was named Director of the BOI. | Ref: 14 |
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| 1921 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) President Harding appointed former President Taft chief justice of the United States. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1921 | * | Documents were signed forming the Radio Corporation of America, better known as RCA. RCA soon rivaled its main competitor, General Electric (GE). | Ref: 4 |
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| 1923 | | New Zealand claims Ross Dependency in Antarctica. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1927 | | Augusto Cesar Sandino issues his Manifesto Politico. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1927 | * | US Assay Office in Deadwood SD closes. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1928 | * | Radio Service Bulletin lists radio stations call signs that are to be changed to conform with international standards. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1933 | * | US Assay Offices in Helena Mon, Boise Id & Salt Lake City Utah closes. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1934 | * | John Dillinger robs the Merchants' National Bank in South Bend, Indiana, with Van Meter, Baby Face Nelson and John Paul Chase. This was to be the gang's last job. | Ref: 42 |
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| 1934 | * | "The Night of the Long Knives". Himmler's SS and Goering's special police arrest and execute the leaders of the SA, including Ernst Roehm, and many others not connected with the SA, but against whom the Nazi leaders had a score to settle. | Ref: 35 |
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| 1934 | | French Equitorial Africa constituted a single administrative unit. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1936 | * | 40 hour work week law approved (federal). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1940 | * | US Fish & Wildlife Service established. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1942 | * | At Auschwitz, a second gas chamber, Bunker II (the white farmhouse), is made operational at Birkenau due to the number of Jews arriving. | Ref: 35 |
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| 1942 | * | (and 0702) - The New York Times reports via the London Daily Telegraph that over 1,000,000 Jews have already been killed by Nazis. | Ref: 35 |
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| 1942 | * | US Mint in New Orleans ceases operation. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1948 | * | (Rosenberg) Max Elitcher and Morton Sobell drive to Catherine Slip where Sobell met with Julius Rosenberg to exchange microfilm | Ref: 87 |
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| 1951 | * | NAACP begins attack on school segregation & discrimination. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1953 | * | The first Corvette rolled off the Chevrolet assembly line in Flint, MI. That early ’Vette sold for $3,250. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1960 | | China & Soviet Union announce split over ideology. | Ref: 62 |
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| 1960 | * | Zaire (then Belgian Congo) gains independence from Belgium. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1962 | * | Rwanda & Burundi become independent. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Cardinal Montini elected Pope Paul VI, 262nd head of the Roman Catholic Church. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1967 | * | Maj Robert H Lawrence Jr named first black astronaut. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1969 | | Spain cedes Ifni to Morocco. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1971 | * | U.S. ends draft. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1971 | * | Ohio becomes the 38th state to approve of lower the voting age to 18, thus ratifying the 26th admendment. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1972 | * | First leap second day; also 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1973 | * | Observers aboard Concorde jet observe 72-min solar eclipse. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1974 | * | (Chairman, Joint Chiefs) Admiral Thomas H Moorer, USN, completes his tenure as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. (TWA, 1997) | Ref: 95 |
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| 1977 | * | Jimmy Carter cans B-1A bomber later "B-1's the B-52". | Ref: 5 |
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| 1977 | * | US Railway Post Office final train run (NY to Wash DC). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1981 | | China's Communist Party condemns the late Mao Tse-tung's policy. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | * | Equal Rights Amendment crashes and burns; ratification fails despite Congressional extension. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1985 | * | For the 13th time since 1972, the world’s official timekeeper atomic clock ticked off one extra second at 23:59 Greenwich Mean Time (also called UCT, Universal Coordinated Time) or 7:59:59 p.m. in New York. The leap second was added to compensate for the gradual slowing of the Earth’s rotation. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1985 | * | Thirty-nine American hostages from a hijacked TWA jetliner were freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1986 | * | In a 5-to-4 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that states could outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1989 | | Burma declares to U.N. that country's name has been changed to Myanmar and Rangoon now Yangon. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1989 | | Attorney General Thornburgh orders Joseph Doherty deported to the UK. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1989 | * | Congressman Lukins found guilty of having sex with a 16 year old girl. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1989 | * | NASA closes down tracking stations in Santiago, Chile & Guam. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1989 | * | NY State Legislature passes Staten Island seccession bill | Ref: 5 |
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| 1990 | | German troops’ harassment of East German citizens stopped -- as did all border control activities between East and West Germany. A few weeks later (Sep 21, 1990), all of the border units were dissolved. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1994 | * | The temperature at Death Valley, California reached 128 degrees (Fahrenheit). The only other time it has been that hot (since 1961 when weather data was first recorded) was on July 14, 1972. In case you are wondering, the coldest day was at Death Valley was January 30, 1988, when it reached zero. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1997 | | As the clock struck midnight, Red China reclaimed Hong Kong from Great Britain and the British Crown’s 156-year colonial rule came to an end. Many had predicted the worst, but Hong Kong seamlessly made the transition to a Special Administrative Region of China. As British Prime Minister Tony Blair remarked, “The vision of one country, two systems has become a reality ... I have been impressed by the Chinese leadership’s hands-off approach.” | Ref: 4 |
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| 1998 | * | (OJ Simpson) Simpson's attorneys appeal wrongful death award against him, calling award "excessive and the clear result of passion and prejudice on the part of the jury." | Ref: 87 |
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| 1998 | * | Officials confirmed that the remains of a Vietnam War serviceman buried in the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National Cemetery had been identified as those of Air Force pilot Michael J. Blassie. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1999 | * | Last two smallpox virus stocks to be destroyed; first deliberate extinction of a species. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1999 | | Vodafone Group Plc of the U.K. and AirTouch Communications Inc. of the U.S. announced their plan to merge. Individually, the two companies were already leaders in mobile communications services in their respective home markets. The merger, valued at $69 billion, created a company with agreements in 102 countries across 217 networks giving over 150 million customers access to its network. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2001 | * | Doctors implanted a dual-purpose pacemaker in Vice President Dick Cheney's chest. | Ref: 70 |
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| 2002 | * | Leonard Gregg, a part-time firefighter, was charged with starting one of the two wildfires that merged into a monstrous blaze in eastern Arizona. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1910 | * | Glenn Curtiss drops dummy bombs on a battle-ship shaped target on Lake Keuka. | Ref: 49 |
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| 1939 | * | Heinkel He. 176 rocket plane flies for first time, at Peenemonde. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1945 | * | Dr. John von Neumann publishes his "First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC", introducing the stored program concept. Ref | |
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| 1948 | * | John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley, all of Bell Labs, demonstrate their invention, the transistor, for the first time. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1961 | * | Explorer (12) fails to reach Earth orbit. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1964 | * | Centaur 3 launch vehicle fails to make Earth orbit. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1982 | * | Orbiter Challenger (OV-099) rolled out at Palmdale. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1794 | | Battle of Fort Recovery, Ohio. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1862 | * | Day 6 of the 7 Days-Battle of White Oak Swamp. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1863 | * | Long barrelled Spencer repeating rifles are used in combat by Brigadier General George A Custer's Michigan Brigade. (History Channel Magazine, p 24, May/June 2003) | |
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| 1871 | | Guatemala revolts for agarian reforms. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1913 | | 2nd Balkan War begins. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1940 | * | Germany begins the occupation of the Channel Islands. | |
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| 1942 | * | Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz barely escapes death when his plane crashed into the Alameda Estuary near the San Francisco County line. | Ref: 37 |
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| 1942 | * | Rommel reaches El Alamein near Cairo, Egypt. | Ref: 36 |
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| 1950 | * | United States forces engage in the Korean War | Ref: 87 |
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| 1966 | * | U.S. planes bomb demilitarized zone (DMZ) between North and South Vietnam. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1894 | * | Future Hall of Famer Fred Clarke makes his major league debut going 5-for-5 for the Louisville Colonels. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1908 | * | Boston's Cy Young's 2nd no-hitter, beats NY Highlanders, 8-0. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1909 | * | An overflow crowd of 30,338 witnesses the Pirates fall to the Chicago Cubs, 3-2, in the first game played at Forbes Field, the nation's first ballpark made completely of poured concrete and steel. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1913 | * | NY Giants score 10 in 10th to beat Phillies 11-1. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1916 | * | Chick Evans Jr wins golf's US Open. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1920 | * | Leaving Cardinal Park in midseason, the Redbirds make their debut as the home team at Sportman's Park, which is also the home of the American League's St. Louis Browns. After signing a ten-year lease for $20,000 annually with Browns' president Phil Ball, the team moves six blocks to be able to play its home games in modern ballpark. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1929 | * | Bobby Jones wins golf's US Open. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1932 | * | The Chicago Cubs become the last team to add numbers to their uniforms. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1933 | * | Card's Dizzy Dean strikesout 17 Cubs to win 8-2. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1934 | * | NFL's Portsmouth Spartans become the Detroit Lions | Ref: 5 |
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| 1938 | * | Final game at Phila's Baker Bowl, Giants beat Phils 14-1. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1948 | * | At Briggs Stadium, Bob Lemon throws the first American League night time no-hitter blanking the Tigers, 2-0. The Tigers' home was last park in the junior circuit to use lights, installing illumination only two weeks ago. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1954 | * | Yank pitcher Tom Morgan ties record by hitting 3 batters in 1 inning. This was also Bobby Brown's last game; he retired to become a doctor. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1959 | * | Infamous "two balls in play" game: At Wrigley Field, Cardinal Stan Musial draws walk on wild pitch and attempts to advance an extra base as Cubs third baseman Alvin Dark (original ball) and pitcher Bob Anderson (umpire-issued new ball) both fire balls toward second base in St. Louis' eventual 4-1 win. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1961 | * | Whitey Ford becomes the first pitcher in American League history to win eight games in one month. 'Slick's' complete-game 5-1 victory over the Senators is the Yankees' 22nd win in June. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1962 | * | At Dodger Stadium, Sandy Koufax no-hits the Mets, 5-0. It will be the first of four career no-hitters thrown by the lefty from Brooklyn. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1962 | * | Murie Lindstrom wins US Women's Golf Open. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1965 | * | NFL grants Atlanta Falcons a franchise. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1967 | * | Phillies Cookie Rojas pitches, plays 9th positions since joining Phils. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1969 | * | Derek Clayton of Australia sets Marathon record at 2:08:34. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1970 | * | The Cincinnati Reds moved to their new $45,000,000 home at Riverfront Stadium. The Reds lose to the Braves, 8-2. In the mid-'60s, debate intensified over a new Reds' ballpark. For the first time in club history, a Reds' ballpark would be built with public funding. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1970 | * | Brazil beats Italy 4-1 in soccer's 9th World Cup at Mexico City | Ref: 5 |
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| 1972 | * | Cincinnati Reds are 11 games back in NL, & go on to win the pennant. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Bugner in a 15-round decision in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to retain his heavyweight title. | Ref: 96 |
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| 1976 | * | John Walker of New Zealand sets record for 2000 m, 4:51.4. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1977 | * | Yankee DH Cliff Johnson hit 3 consecutive HRs in Toronto. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1978 | * | On an 0-2 pitch from Atlanta Braves pitcher Jamie Easterly, Giant first baseman Willie McCovey launches his 500th career home run over the left field fence at Fulton County Stadium. The historic homer occurs in the second inning of the opener of a doubleheader which Giants will sweep, 10-9 and 10-5. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1978 | * | Larry Doby becomes manager of the Chicago White Sox. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | * | NJ NHL franchise officially named the Devils by fan balloting, runner-up names are Blades, Meadowlanders & Americans. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1984 | * | The Los Angeles Express of the United States Football League (USFL) played the longest game in professional history by beating the Michigan Panthers 27-21. The game went on for 93 minutes, 33 seconds. The old mark had been 82 minutes, 40 seconds, set by the Miami Dolphins and Kansas City Chiefs. Commercial time was not counted. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1985 | * | Dodger Pedro Guerrero ties major league record hitting 15 home runs in the month of June. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1986 | * | Going 1-for-4, football star Bo Jackson makes his pro baseball debut with the Memphis Chicks. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | Patrik Sjoberg of Sweden set a new world record in the high jump. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1994 | | The U.S. Figure Skating Association stripped Tonya Harding of the 1994 national championship and banned her from the organization for life for an attack on rival Nancy Kerrigan. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1995 | * | At Minnesota, Eddie Murray becomes the third Cleveland Indian to join the 3000 club when he bounces a single throught the right side. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1997 | * | Bobby Witt hits a solo homer off Ismael Valdes at Dodger Stadium, the first American League pitcher to go deep in a regular season game since Baltimore's Roric Harrison on Oct 3, 1972 (1st game) at Cleveland. It is the first home run by a pitcher in Texas Rangers history. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1998 | * | Cub Sammy Sosa extends his major league record for homers in a month, hitting his 20th round-tripper in June . | Ref: 1 |
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| 1999 | * | The Chicago Bulls, picking first in the NBA draft (for the first time ever), selected Duke’s power forward Elton Brand as their first overall selection. Brand had led Duke to the NCAA national title game (played March 29, 1999: UConn 77, Duke 74) and averaged 17.7 points and 9.8 rebounds per game while shooting 62 percent from the field. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2000 | * | Trailing 8-2 with two outs in the eighth-inning, Mike Piazza's tie-breaking three-run homer completes a 10-run miracle comeback as Mets stun the Braves, 11-8. Nine of the runs were driven in with two outs and the 10 runs equals the most ever scored in an inning by the Mets. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1607 | | Annales Ecclesiastici (Scientific History of Catholicism) published. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1857 | | Charles Dickens reads from A Christmas Carol at St. Martin's Hall in London--his first public reading. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1859 | | Frenchman Charles Blondin aka Jean Francois Gravelet crossed Niagara Falls on a tightrope! It took him five minutes. 25,000 spectators stood and stared as he made his way across the falls in a most dangerous Odyssey ... one he had made several times before on stilts; carrying another man on his back; pushing a wheelbarrow; and even once, blindfolded. What some people do with nothing but spare time on their hands! Next, they’ll be going over the falls in wooden barrels! | Ref: 4 |
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| 1930 | | First round-the-world radio broadcast Schenectady NY. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1933 | | Screen Actors Guild founded in Hollywood. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1936 | | The novel "Gone with the Wind" by Margaret Mitchell was published in New York. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1939 | * | Frank Sinatra made his first appearance with Harry James’ band. Sinatra was center stage at the Hippodrome Theatre in Baltimore, MD, where he sang My Love for You. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1940 | * | "Brenda Starr" cartoon strip, by Dale Messick, first appears. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1952 | * | "The Guiding Light," a popular radio program, made its debut as a television soap opera on CBS. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1960 | | Alfred Hitchcock's film, Psycho, opens. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1966 | * | Beatles land in Tokyo for a concert tour. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1973 | * | In Korea, the Far Eastern Broadcasting Co. began transmitting the Gospel from HLAZ, its first radio station in this country. FBEC is active today through radio missions outreach, and focuses its work among the islands of Eastern Asia and the Pacific. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1974 | | The famous July 4th scene from the Steven Spielberg movie, Jaws, was filmed. A crowd of 400 screaming, scared, panic-stricken extras in bathing suits ran from the water, over and over and over again, until the scene was perfect. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1975 | * | Cher married rock star Greg Allman. Cher announced her divorce from Allman just days after the couple tied the knot. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1977 | * | Marvel Comics publish the "Kiss book" tributing the rock group Kiss. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1979 | * | Johnny Rotten & Joan Collins appear together on BBC's Juke Box Jury. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1981 | * | Grant Tinker, head of MTM Enterprises, was named to succeed Fred Silverman as president of NBC-TV. Silverman was known as a programming wonder-boy in previous successes with CBS and ABC but would find it rough-going at the Peacock Network. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1985 | * | Yul Brynner left his role as the King of Siam after 4,600 performances in The King and I at the Broadway Theatre in New York City. The show had run -- on and off -- for over 34 years. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1988 | * | Brooklyn dedicates a bus depot honoring Jackie Gleason. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1990 | * | New Kids on the Block (Donnie Wahlberg, Jordan Knight, Jon Knight, Danny Wood, Joe McIntyre) stepped to number one in the U.S. with their Step by Step single, just as their Step by Step LP was stepping to #1 in the U.S. and the U.K. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1991 | * | Frank Zappa performed with Hungarian musicians as Hungary celebrated the withdrawal of Soviet troops after some 46 years of occupation. Zappa headlined the Taban Jazzfestival this day in Budapest. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1993 | * | Disney acquires Miramax Films. (Ref: "Disney, The First 100 Years", 1999, ISBN 0-7868-6442-7) | |
|---|
| 1993 | | The Firm, the flick, debuted. Tom Cruise stars as a young man fresh out of law shool who joins a sinister law firm and proceeds to dig up/out the dirt. Tom gets ample help from Gene Hackman, Jeanne Tripplehorn, Hal Holbrook, Ed Harris, Holly Hunter and other superstars combined to attract receipts totalling $25.40 million the first weekend. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1995 | | “Houston...we've got a problem.” Famous words from Apollo 13, the real-life mission -- and the movie, which opened on U.S. theatre screens. It brought in $25.35 million for the weekend, which was no problem at all for the film’s producers. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1995 | * | Garth Brooks buried the glass master of his LP The Hits beneath his star on the legendary Hollywood Walk of Fame. It was the first time something like this had been done and, as far as we know, the last. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2000 | | The Perfect Storm premiered in the U.S. to a nearly perfect $41.33 million opening-weekend box office. George Clooney plays Billy Tyne, captain of the Andrea Gail, in a true-life drama about -- you guessed it -- a killer storm in the North Atlantic. Tyne’s crew is Bobby Shatford (played by Mark Wahlberg), Murph, (John C. Reilly), Sully (William Fichtner), Bugsy (John Hawkes) and Alfred Pierre (Allen Payne). On Halloween 1991, they are confronted by three raging weather fronts which unexpectedly collide to produce the greatest, fiercest storm in modern history -- the perfect storm (get it?). | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1468 | | John, German elector of Saxony and supporter of Martin Luther, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1470 | * | Charles VIII king of France (1483-98), invaded Italy, is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1685 | * | John Gay, poet and playwright (The Beggar's Opera), is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1685 | * | Dominikus Zimmermann, Bavarian Baroque architect, is born. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1768 | * | Elizabeth Kortright, later Elizabeth Monroe, first lady to U.S. President James Monroe, is born. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1811 | * | Vissarion Belinsky Sveaborg, Finland, Russian critic, journalist, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1817 | * | Sir Joseph Hooker, English botanist, is born. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1819 | * | Lucile Grahn, Danish choreographer and ballerina, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1819 | * | William A Wheeler, (R) 19th VP (1877-81), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1837 | * | Stephen D Ramseur youngest West Pointer to be Maj Gen, is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1868 | * | Mabel Cratty, American social worker and head of the Y.W.C.A., is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1893 | * | Walter Ulbricht, German Communist leader; led East Germany (1960-73) | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1893 | * | Harold Laski, English political scientist, educator and writer, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1896 | * | Wilfred Pelletier Montreal Canada, conductor (Voice of Firestone), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1898 | * | George Chandler Waukegan Ill, actor (Lassie) | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1901 | * | Willie Sutton, American bank robber and prison escapee, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1909 | * | Juan Bosch poet/pres of the Dominican Republic (1962-63), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1911 | * | Czeslaw Milosz Polish/American writer (Nobel 1980), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1912 | * | Dan Reeves NFL team owner (Cleveland/LA Rams), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1913 | * | Harry Wismer Port Huron Mich, AFL owner (NY Titans), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1916 | * | David Wayne actor (Adam's Rib, Andromeda Strain, 3 Faces of Eve), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1917 | * | Actress Susan Hayward (Edythe Marrener) is born in Flatbush (Brooklyn) NY. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1917 | * | Lena Horne, singer, is born in Brooklyn NY. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1917 | * | Buddy Rich Bkln NY, drummer/orch leader (Buddy Rich Band-Away We Go), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1918 | * | Stuart Foster Binghamton NY, singer (Galen Drake Show), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1920 | * | Zeno Colo Italy, downhill skier (Olympic-gold-1952), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1925 | * | Micheline Lannoy Belgium, figure skating pairs (Olympic-gold-1948), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1926 | * | Paul Berg, Nobel Prize-winning biochemist, is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1927 | * | Shirley Fry tennis champion: Australian Open [1957], French Open [1951], Wimbledon [1956], U.S. Open [1956], is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1930 | * | June Valli Bronx NY, singer (Your Hit Parade), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1932 | * | Mongo Beti, novelist and political writer, is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1934 | * | Harry Blackstone Jr magician (Blackstone Book of Magic & Illusion), is born in Colon MI. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1936 | * | Nancy Dussault Pensacola Fla, actress (Muriel-Too Close for Comfort), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1936 | * | Tony Musante Bridgeport Ct, actor (David Toma-Toma, Nowhere to Hide), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1938 | * | Billy Mills US, 10K runner (Olympic-gold-1964), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1943 | * | Florence Ballard singer: group: The Supremes: Baby Love, Stop! In the Name of Love, Come See About Me, You Can’t Hurry Love, My World is Empty Without You, The Happening; is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1944 | * | Glenn Shorrock singer: group: The Little River Band: It’s a Long Way There, Help is on Its Way, Reminiscing, Lady, Lonesome Loser, Cool Change, The Night Owls, Take It Easy on Me, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1944 | * | Ron (Alan) ‘Rocky’ Swoboda baseball: NY Mets [World Series: 1969], Montreal Expos, NY Yankees, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1946 | * | William Brown singer: group: The Moments: Love on a Two-Way Street, Look at Me [I’m in Love], is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1946 | * | Bill Lenkaitis football: Penn State Unive., San Diego Chargers, New England Patriots, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1949 | * | (Andrew) Andy Scott musician: guitar: group: The Sweet: Funny Funny, Co-Co, Little Willy, Wig Wam Bam, Blockbuster, Hell Raiser, Ballroom Blitz, Teenage Rampage, Fox on the Run, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1950 | * | Donna Jean Willmott, Akron Ohio, FALN member (FBI most wanted), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1951 | * | Roger Maltbie golf: champ: World Series of Golf [1985], is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1951 | * | Stanley Clarke bass (New Barbarians-Find Out Hideaway), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1951 | * | Stephen S Oswald, Seattle Washington, astronaut (STS 42), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1952 | * | Brian Ogilvie hockey: NHL: Chicago Blackhawks, SL Blues, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1953 | * | Hal Lindes musician: guitar: group: Dire Straits: Telegraph Road, Private Investigation, Money for Nothing, Walk of Life, The Man’s Too Strong, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1955 | * | David Alan Grier actor: Tales from the Hood, Jumanji, Loose Cannons, I’m Gonna Git You Sucka, A Soldier’s Story, In Living Color, All is Forgiven, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1956 | * | Philip Adrian Wright musician: synthesizer: group: Human League: Don’t You Want Me, [Keep Feeling] Fascination, Mirror Man, The Lebanon, Life on Your Own, Louise, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1958 | * | Esa-Pekka Salonen Helsinki Finland, conductor (Giro), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1959 | * | Vincent D’Onofrio actor: Law & Order: Criminal Intent, Mystic Pizza, Ed Wood, The Newton Boys, The Thirteenth Floor, The Cell, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1962 | * | Julianne Regan rocker (All About Eve-All About Scarlet), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Rupert Graves actor: The Madness of King George, Damage, Maurice, A Room with a View, Doomsday Gun, Mrs. Dalloway, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1966 | * | Heavyweight boxing champion "Iron" Mike Tyson is born in Brownsville TX. He will become the youngest heavyweight champion [20 years + 144 days]. | Ref: 97 |
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| 1967 | * | Tina Bockrath, Dayton OH, playmate (May, 1990), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1970 | * | Brian Bloom actor (As the World Turns), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1971 | * | Monica Potter actress: The Young and the Restless, Without Limits, Patch Adams, Along Came a Spider, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1520 | * | Montezuma II is murdered as Spanish conquistadors flee the Aztec capital of Tenochtilan during the night. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1685 | * | Archibald Argyl, Scottish Protestant leader, dies at age 56. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1785 | * | James Oglethorpe (colonist: founded city of Savannah, Georgia; colonized Georgia; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1861 | * | Lola Montez, the actress, dies. | Ref: 62 |
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| 1882 | | Charles Guiteau is hanged for the assassination of President Garfield. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1893 | * | Anthony Drexel, American banker and philanthropist, dies at age 66. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1956 | * | United DC-7 & TWA collide over Grand Canyon killing 128. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1961 | * | Lee De Forest, American inventor of the Audion vacuum tube, dies at age 87 in Hollywood CA. | Ref: 68 |
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| 1971 | * | A Soviet space mission ended in tragedy when three cosmonauts aboard "Soyuz Eleven" were found dead inside their spacecraft after it had returned to Earth. | Ref: 17 |
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| 1973 | * | Nancy Mitford, the British satiric novelist and essayist, dies. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1973 | * | Elmer Layden one of Notre Dame's legendary 4-horsemen, died. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1974 | * | Mule (George William) Haas baseball: Pittsburgh Pirates, Philadelphia Athletics [World Series: 1929-1931], Chicago White Sox; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1974 | * | Petty thief Peter Leonard sets fire to cover burglary that torches "Gulliver's" nightclub. 24 die (Port Chester NY). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1974 | * | Mrs. Martin Luther King, Sr., and a church deacon were slain by a crazed gunman in Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church, where her son, the assassinated civil rights leader, once preached. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | Bundy victim Shelley Robertson disappears in Colorado. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1980 | * | 77 Jose Iturbi 11/28/1895 6/30/1973 Spanish pianist | Ref: 70 |
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| 1983 | * | Mary Livingstone (Sadye Marks) actress: The Jack Benny Show; married to Jack Benny; dies at age 75. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1983 | * | Bo Gentry songwriter/producer dies. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1984 | * | Lillian Hellman, the American playwright and screenwriter, dies at age 79. | Ref: 17 |
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| 1985 | * | The creator of the Twinkie, James A. Dewar, died on this day. Mr. Dewar created the treat in 1930. Many say that Twinkies will stay fresh almost forever. In fact, many bomb shelters in the 1960s were furnished with stockpiles of Hostess Twinkies just for that reason. More than 45 billion of the soft, cream-filled, sponge cakes have been sold. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1993 | * | (George Emmett) 'Spanky' McFarland actor: Little Rascals series, Our Gang comedies; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1995 | * | Gale Gordon (Charles Aldrich) actor: The Lucy Show, The Lucille Ball Comedy Hour, My Little Margie, Our Miss Brooks; died June 30, 1995 | Ref: 5 |
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| 2001 | * | Joe Henderson composer/musician: tenor sax: played in sextet at San Francisco’s Keystone Korner; also played with Blood Sweat and Tears; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2001 | * | Chet (Chester Burton) Atkins Grammy Award-winning guitarist: made over 100 albums; elected to Country Music Hall of Fame [1973]; dies at age 77 in Nashville TN. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2003 | * | Buddy Hackett (Leonard Hacker) comedian, actor: The Love Bug, The Music Man; cartoon voices: The Little Mermaid; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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