| 1521 | * | Leo X conferred the title "Fidei Defensor" (Defender of the Faith) upon England's Henry VIII. Three popes and 13 years later, Henry severed all ties with Rome to establish the Church of England. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1540 | * | Charles V of Milan puts his son Philip in control. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1551 | * | The 13th Session of the Council of Trent opened, during which major decisions were reached regarding the Catholic doctrine of the Eucharist. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1648 | | Dutch & French agree to divide St Maarten, Leeward Islands. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1714 | * | A highway in the Bronx is laid out, later renamed East 233rd Street. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1727 | * | George II of England is crowned king in Westminster Abbey; Archbishop of Canterbury cancels Handel anthem. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1730 | * | City of Baltimore founded. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1773 | * | The conflict between Pennsylvania and Virginia over land around Pittsburgh is resolved by creating the district of West Augusta with overlapping jurisdiction. (The term "district" was used to get around the order against establishing new counties.) | |
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| 1795 | * | In graditude for putting down a rebellion in the streets of Paris, France's National Convention appoints Napoleon Bonaparte second in command of the Army of the Interior. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1811 | | Cartagena Colombia declares independence from Spain. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1811 | * | The first steam-powered ferry, the Juliana, is put into operation between New York City and Hoboken, New Jersey. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1860 | * | First Jewish wedding in Buenos Aires Argentina. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1865 | * | President Andrew Johnson paroles Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1865 | * | Mary Edward Walker, first Army female surgeon, awarded Medal of Honor. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1879 | * | (White River Massacre) General Wesley Merritt reaches the federal Indian agency and finds all but one of the buildings burned, the women and children missing, and the naked, beaten, dead bodies of Indian agent Nathan Meeker and the ten male members of his staff. In January, the women and children were freed by negotiation. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1890 | * | Daughters of the American Revolution is founded in Washington, D.C. Ref: 5 |
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| 1895 | | Bechuanaland becomes part of the Cape Colony. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1906 | * | San Francisco school board orders the segregation of Oriental schoolchildren, inciting Japanese outrage. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1910 | * | Theodore Roosevelt becomes first President to fly in airplane for four minutes over St. Louis. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1921 | * | President Harding dedicates Tomb of Unknown Soldier. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1922 | * | Largest US flag displayed (150' X 90') expanded in 1939 (270' X 90'). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1922 | * | The first woman FBI "special investigator" is appointed (Alaska Davidson). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1923 | * | German mark falls to 10 billion per œ, 4 billion per $. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1924 | * | Palace of Legion of Honor dedicated (San Francisco). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1939 | * | At Szilard's urging Alexander Sachs presents President Franklin D. Roosevelt with the "Einstein Letter". The letter, signed by Einstein but drafted by Szilard in consultation with Einstein, warns the President of the possibility of nuclear weapons and urging him take action to prevent Germany from gaining an advantage with them. | Ref: 91 |
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| 1957 | * | Demolition begins on cable car barn at CA & Hyde (San Francisco). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1959 | * | Seals Stadium in San Francisco, demolished. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1962 | * | Pope John XXIII officially opens the 21st Ecumenical Council (Vatican II) with a call for Christian unity. This is the largest gathering of the Roman Catholic hierarchy in history; among delegate-observers are representatives of major Protestant denominations, in itself a sign of sweeping change. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | A newspaper report showed that women outnumbered men by almost 4 million in the U.S. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1965 | * | Rhodesia proclaimed independence from Britain by PM Ian D Smith. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1968 | * | Maldives (in Indian Ocean) become a republic. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1972 | * | Prison uprising at Washington DC jail. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | Angola gains independence from Portugal (National Day). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | William Jefferson Clinton and Hillary Rodham tied the knot in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Bill was 29 and Hillary was 27 years old. Later, they became well known -- as U.S. President Bill Clinton and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1975 | | Australian PM removed by crown (1st elected PM removed in 200 years). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1976 | | The so-called "Gang of Four," Chairman Mao Tse-tung's widow and three associates, are arrested in Peking, setting in motion an extended period of turmoil in the Chinese Communist Party. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1978 | * | Aristides Royo elected president of Panama. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1979 | * | Allan McLeod Cormack & Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield win Nobel Prize for medicine for developing the CAT scan. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | | Solidarity leader Lech Walesa is let out of jail in Poland. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | * | English ship Mary Rose, which sank during an engagement with France in 1545, raised at Portsmouth, England. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1983 | * | President Reagan became first US President to address Japan's legislature. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1983 | * | Last hand-cranked telephones in the US went out of service as 440 telephone customers in Bryant Pond, Maine, were switched over to direct-dial. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1984 | * | VP candidate debate-Geraldine Ferraro (D) & George Bush (R). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1985 | * | Yonkers is found guilty of segregating schools & housing. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1985 | * | Pres Reagan bans importation of South African Krugerrands. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1986 | * | President Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev opened two days of talks concerning arms control and human rights in Reykjavik, Iceland. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1987 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) Judge Anthony M Kennedy nominated to the Supreme Court. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1987 | * | 200,000 gays march for civil rights in Washington. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1988 | | Factoring of the first "hard" 100 digit number (11^104 + 1)/(11^8 + 1) achieved at 2AM PDT | Ref: 62 |
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| 1990 | | Center for Urban archaeology opens in NYC South Street Seaport Museum. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1990 | * | Oil hits a record $40.42 per barrel. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1991 | | About 60-thousand people rallied in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in support of a government proposal to seize all Communist Party property without compensation. | Ref: 6 |
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| 1991 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) Testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee, law professor Anita Hill accused Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas of sexually harassing her; Thomas reappeared before the panel to denounce the proceedings as a "high-tech lynching." | Ref: 70 |
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| 1992 | * | General Synod votes for Ordination of women in the UK. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1994 | * | Ruble crashes | Ref: 89 |
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| 1995 | * | (OJ Simpson) O.J. Simpson backs out of his live interview with NBC just hours before air time. (Xenia Daily Gazette, p. 4A, 10/11/2000) | Ref: 62 |
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| 1995 | * | Americans Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland and Dutch Scientist Paul Crutzen win the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their controversial work warning that gases once used in spary cans and other items were eating away at the Earth's ozone layer. (Xenia Daily Gazette, p. 4A, 10/11/2000). | Ref: 62 |
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| 1996 | * | Americans Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland and Dutch scientist Paul Crutzen won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their controversial work warning that gases once used in spray cans and other items were eating away Earth's ozone layer. | Ref: 6 |
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| 1996 | * | Ten Republican presidential candidates used their first televised forum to politely compete for support in the New Hampshire primary. | Ref: 6 |
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| 1998 | * | Pope John Paul II canonized the first Jewish-born saint of the modern era: Edith Stein, a Catholic nun killed at Auschwitz. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1999 | | Colt, the firearms manufacturer that pioneered the modern gun industry, announces it will get out of the commercial handgun business rather than face a spate of lawsuits by American cities. (CNN 10/11/99) | Ref: 9 |
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| 2000 | * | Dr. Guenter Blobel of NY's Rockefeller University won the Nobel Prize for medicine for discovering how proteins find their rightful places in cells. | Ref: 6 |
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| 2001 | * | The FBI announced an investigation into the anthrax outbreak after a third person tested positive in Florida. | Ref: 70 |
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| 2002 | * | Former President Jimmy Carter won the Nobel Peace Prize. | Ref: 70 |
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| 2003 | * | Doctors in Dallas TX separate two-year old Egyptian twins Ahmed and Mohamed Ibrahim, joined at the skull, after a 34-hour operation. (USA Today, p 3A, 10/16/2003) | Ref: 13 |
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| 2003 | * | (I-270 Sniper) A 36-year old man was driving about noon along I-270 when a bullet struck the rear side panel of his Nissan Sentra and exited through the rear window, shattering it. (XDG, p 2A, 12/03/2003) | Ref: 83 |
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| 1881 | * | Roll film for cameras was patented by David Henderson Houston of Cambria, Wisconsin. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1887 | * | Adding machine patented by Eugene Felt, Chicago, who called it a ‘comptmeter.' | Ref: 10 |
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| 1919 | * | First transcontinental air race ends. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1919 | * | First in-flight meal, a box lunch, served on flight from London to Paris. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1925 | * | Robert Millikan announces discovery of cosmic rays. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1935 | * | Explorer 2 balloon sets altitude record of 72,000 feet over SD. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1938 | * | Fiberglass patented under generic name "glass wool.” | Ref: 10 |
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| 1958 | * | Pioneer 1 - USA Lunar Orbiter fails to reach escape velocity, the first spacecraft launched by NASA as official agency. | Ref: 40 |
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| 1961 | * | USAF Major Robert M White takes X-15 to 66,100 m. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1966 | * | Gemini 12 launched on 4-day flight. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1968 | * | The U.S. launched Apollo 7 the first manned Apollo mission, was launched with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn Fulton Eisele and R. Walter Cunningham aboard. Described by commander Walter M. Schirra, Jr. as a “magnificent flying machine,” Apollo 7 travelled some 4.5 million miles in orbit around the Earth to become the first manned flight in NASA’s lunar-landing program. The mission also featured the first live TV transmission from a spacecraft in orbit. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1969 | * | Soyuz 6 launched; Soyuz 7 & 8 follow in next 2 days. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1977 | * | Soyuz 25 returns to Earth. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1980 | * | Cosmonauts Popov and Ryumin set space endurance record of 184 days | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | * | 5th space shuttle mission-Columbia 5-launched first commercial flight. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1984 | * | Space-shuttle Challenger astronaut Dr. Kathy Sullivan became the first U.S. woman to perform an EVA (extra-vehicular activity), or walk in space. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1985 | * | Challenger flies back to Kennedy Space Center via Davis-Monthan AFB. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1985 | * | Atlantis returns to Kennedy Space Center via Kelly AFB. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1988 | | Oldest known insect fossils (390 million years) reported in Science. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1531 | | The Catholics defeat the Protestants at Kappel during Switzerland's second civil war. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1776 | * | A British fleet under Sir Guy Carleton defeats fifteen American gunboats under the command of Brigadier General Benedict Arnold at the Battle of Valcour Island on Lake Champlain, New York Ref | |
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| 1779 | * | Polish nobleman Casimir Pulaski was killed while fighting for American independence during the Revolutionary War Battle of Savannah, Ga. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1797 | * | British naval forces defeat Dutch off Camperdown, the Netherlands. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1862 | * | The Confederate Congress in Richmond passes a draft law allowing anyone owning 20 or more slaves to be exempt from military service. This law confirms many southerners opinion that they are in a 'rich man's war and a poor man's fight.' | Ref: 2 |
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| 1864 | * | Sherman's troops destroy Rome, Georgia. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1864 | * | Slavery abolished in Maryland. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1899 | * | South African Boers, settlers from the Netherlands, declare war on Great Britain.
South African Boers, settler from the Netherlands, declare war on Great Britain. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1911 | * | An Italian officer named "Gaffoti", hand-dropped the first bomb from an airplaine in the history of war, a 4 lb Shebli, in the history of War on a group of freedom fighers in Aain Zara, Libya. Ref | |
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| 1914 | * | During World War I, the Cathedral of Notre Dame suffered minor damage during an air raid on Paris. (Notre Dame, the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages, is distinguished for both its size and antiquity.) | Ref: 5 |
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| 1942 | * | During WW II Germany completes their occupation of France. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1942 | * | The World War II Battle of Cape Esperance began in the Solomon Islands, resulting in an American victory over the Japanese. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1944 | * | The 1st Canadian Infantry Division returns to active duty in Italy. The 5th Canadian Armoured Division in Italy is put into reserve. | |
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| 1944 | * | U.S. air raids against Okinawa. | |
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| 1945 | | Negotiations between Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and Communist leader Mao Tse-tung break down. Nationalist and Communist troops are soon engaged in a civil war. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1968 | | Panama revolts. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1972 | * | US Army turns over Long Bihn base to South Vietnamese army. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1972 | * | A French mission in Vietnam is destroyed by a U.S. bombing raid. | Ref: 2 |
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| 2002 | * | The Senate joined the House in approving 77-23 the use of America's military might against Iraq. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1868 | * | First American amateur track & field meet (NYC). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1890 | * | First 100 yard dash under 10 seconds (John Owens 9-4/5 secs, Wash DC). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1913 | * | Phila A's beat NY Giants, 4 games to 1 in 10th World Series. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1925 | * | The New York Giants play their firt NFL game, losing to Providence 14-0. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1927 | * | Lou Gehrig elected MVP. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1934 | * | First penalty shot vs Toronto Maple Leafs, Mondou (Mont) unsuccessful. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1943 | * | NY Yankees beat Cards 4 games to 1, in 40th World Series, 10th WS win NY Yankees become first team to win 10 World Series. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1944 | * | NY Rangers set NHL record of 25 games without a win (0-21-4). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1946 | * | NY Knicks' first game at Madison Sq Garden loses 78-68 to Chicago Stags. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1948 | * | In Game 6, the Indians beat the Braves, 4-3 to win the World Series. Bob Lemon gets the win with Gene Bearden pitching the final one and two-thirds innings to get the save. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1952 | * | A football game was called because of profanity! Francis DeReus, a referee in the IA Wesleyan-Dubuque gridiron match-up, actually stopped the game when Dubuque coach Moco Mercer became too profane. DeReus gave Moco and the team the old, “Yer outta here, bub!” Final score: IA Wesleyan 1, Dubuque 0. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1959 | * | NFL Commissioner Bert Bell dies of a heart attack suffered at Franklin Field, Philadelphia, during the last two minutes of a game between the Eagles and the Steelers. Ref | |
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| 1960 | * | Largest NY Knick 49th St MSG crowd-18,499. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Gordie Howe ties Rocket Richard's lifetime 544 goal record. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1964 | * | In Game 4 of the World Series, Ken Boyer's sixth inning grand slam off Yankee starter Al Downing gives the Cards a 4-3 victory over the Yankees. The Cardinal third baseman is the second National Leaguer to hit a post-season bases-loaded round-tripper. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1968 | * | Ron Hill sets record 10-mile run (46:44) at Leicester England. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1968 | * | Billy Martin named manager of Twins. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1969 | * | The New York Mets play in the first World Series game in their history, a 4-1 loss to the Baltimore Orioles in Baltimore. | Ref: 86 |
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| 1972 | * | In the fifth and deciding game of the NLCS, Reds' 145677889[-0 George Foster scores the winning run from third base in the ninth on a wild pitch by Pirate Bob Moose. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1978 | * | In Game 2 of the World Series, Bob Welch strikes out Reggie Jackson on a full count with two outs in the ninth to preserve a 4-3 victory over the Yankees. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1980 | * | Islander's Mike Bossy scores 4 goals against North Stars. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1981 | * | Expos Steve Rogers blank the Phillies, 3-0, to win the NL Eastern Division playoffs. Divisional playoffs were devised to salvage the strike-shorten season. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1981 | * | LeRoy Irvin sets yards gained on punt returns record (207 yds). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1981 | * | Yanks beat Brewers 7-3 & win only Eastern Championship Series. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1982 | * | 30th time Islanders shut-out-2-0 vs North Stars. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1985 | * | In Game 3 of the ALCS, Royals beat the Blue Jays, 6-5 as George Brett contributes to the victory going 4-for-4, driving in three runs and scoring four times. | Ref: 1 |
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| 1991 | * | Chip Beck ties PGA lowest 18 hole score of 59 | Ref: 5 |
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| 2000 | * | The Yankees eight hits in the 8th inning set an ALCS record as they defeat the Mariners in the Game 2, 7-1. The Orioles (1970, Game 1), the Yankees (1981, Game 2, ) and the Blue Jays (1985, Game 3 ) had previously each 7 hits in one inning of a championship series. | Ref: 1 |
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| 2002 | * | Former Yankee and Diamondback skipper Buck Showalter is hired by the Rangers to be the team's manager. The Cubs, Mets, Devil Rays and Brewers had also expressed interest the ESPN commentator. | Ref: 1 |
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| 2003 | * | Germany beats Sweden 2-1 in overtime to win the World Cup of women's soccer; the US defeats Canada 3-1 to win 3rd place. (WSJ, p A1, 10/13/2003) | Ref: 33 |
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| 1925 | * | Louis Armstrong records first of Hot Five & Hot Seven recordings. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1932 | * | The first telecast of a political campaign was seen -- on about 5 TV sets -- live from NY! The CBS show was sponsored by the Democratic Committee. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1936 | | Professor Quiz aired for the first time. It was the first national quiz show on radio and lasted until 1948. Guests asked Professor Quiz (Dr. Craig Earl) questions. If they were able to stump the prof, they collected a $25 prize. Professor Quiz announcers were Robert Trout and Arthur Godfrey. Sponsors included Kelvinator refrigerators, Teel Shampoo and Velvet pipe tobacco. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1939 | * | Kate Smith first sings Irving Berlin's "God Bless America". | Ref: 5 |
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| 1939 | * | One of the classics was recorded this day. Body and Soul, by jazz great Coleman Hawkins, was waxed on Bluebird Records. It’s still around on CD compilations. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1940 | * | Glenn Miller recorded Make Believe Ballroom Time for Bluebird Records -- at the Victor studios in New York City. It would become the theme song for Make Believe Ballroom on WNEW, New York, with host Martin Block. Block created the aura of doing a ‘live’ radio program, complete with performers (on records) like Harry James or Frank Sinatra, from the ‘Crystal Studios’ at WNEW. His daily program was known to everyone who grew up in the NYC/NJ/Philadelphia area in the 1940s and 1950s. Miller had been so taken with the show’s concept that he actually paid for the Make Believe Ballroom Time recording session himself and hired the Modernaires to join in. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1948 | | One of radio’s last premiering soap operas, The Brighter Day, happened this day in Three Rivers. The show centered around the Dennis’ and their extended family. It’s interesting to take a look at the cast and see which names are still recognizable, like Hal Holbrook and William Redfield. Some of the sponsors are still around, too: Ivory Soap flakes, Blue Cheer detergent and Hazel Bishop lipstick. The soap opera lasted for six years on radio, then moved to TV. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1948 | * | Starting this night and for 792 performances, the musical, Where’s Charley?, played on Broadway. It included the show-stopping hit song: Once in Love with Amy. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1950 | * | The Federal Communications Commission authorizes the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) to begin commercial color TV broadcasts. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1955 | * | Ticket books available for the first time, containing A, B, and C Tickets (D Tickets added, 1956; E Tickets added, June, 1959) | Ref: 67 |
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| 1958 | | Spencer Tracy’s classic movie, The Old Man and the Sea was released. Based on Ernest Hemingway’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name, it is the story of an aging fisherman attempting to find himself, and hopefully a fish, on a fishing trip near Cuba. Tracy was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance, but was edged out that year by David Niven (for Separate Tables). Dimitri Tiomkin’s music for The Old Man and the Sea did win the Oscar for “Best Music, Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture.” | Ref: 4 |
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| 1959 | * | First episode of "Rocky & His Friends" airs. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1962 | * | First appearance of a Gabor sister on the Merv Griffin Show. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Brian Epstein & Ed Sullivan sign a 3 show contract for the Beatles. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1967 | * | Yoko Plus Me art exhibit opens in London (the me is John Lennon). | Ref: 5 |
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| 1968 | * | John Lennon & Yoko Ono appear nude on cover of "2 Virgins" album. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1969 | * | Beatles with Billy Preston release "Get Back" in the UK. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1969 | * | Jim Morrison arrested on an airplane by the FBI for drunkenness. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1971 | * | Hugh Downs left the Today show and Concentration, “...to spend the next year or so just milling around.” He’d come back as a mainstay on ABC’s successful newsmagazine, 20/20, which he has hosted since the program’s second show. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1971 | * | Frank McGee becomes news anchor of the Today Show. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | Saturday Night Live, makes its debut -- with George Carlin as the first guest host; John Belushi signs on with Saturday Night Live, 15 minutes before showtime. (XDG, p. 4A, 10/11/2000) | Ref: 83 |
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| 1977 | * | Wings release "Mull of Kintyre" & "Girl's School". | Ref: 5 |
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| 1981 | * | Unknown rocker Prince opens for Rolling Stones at LA Coliseum. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1984 | | The world’s largest movie studio based, not in Hollyweird, but in Houston, TX, was under construction. The Kamric/Cinergy Futursonics Studio was expected to surpass the size of the Pinewood Studio in London (where the James Bond 007 flicks were made). Cost of the project: $30 million. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1987 | * | Van Gogh's "Irises" sells for record $53.6 M at auction. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1990 | * | Octavio Paz wins Nobel Prize for literature. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1991 | * | Apple Computer and Apple Corp., the record company founded by the Beatles, settle their lawsuit. | |
|---|
| 1636 | * | Yen Jo-chu Chinese scholar of Ch'ing dynasty, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1741 | * | James Barry, Irish painter, is born. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1759 | * | Mason Weems clergyman, author; is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1782 | * | Steen Steensen Blicher Denmk, poet/short-story writer (E Binddstouw), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1817 | * | John Thadeus Delane, British editor, is born. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1820 | | Sir George Williams, founder of the YMCA, is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1821 | * | Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky Russia, novelist (Crime & Punishment), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1844 | * | Henry Heinz, manufacturer, founder of H.J. Heinz Co, is born. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1872 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) Harlan (Fiske) Stone, Justice of U.S. Supreme Court [1925-1941], Chief Justice [1941-1946], is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1880 | | Jacob Epstein is born. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1884 | * | Eleanor Roosevelt, wife and fifth cousin of President Franklin Roosevelt and neice of President Theodore Roosevelt, is born in New York City. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1885 | * | Francois Mauriac, Nobel Prize-winning French novelist (1952),is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1887 | * | Willie Hoppe, Billiard Congress of America Hall of Famer: 18.1 balkline [1906, 1908, 1909-1911, 1914-1926, 1927]; 18.2 balkline [1907, 1910-1920, 1923-24, 1927]; three-cushion [1936, 1940-44, 1947- 52]; is born. | Ref: 17 |
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| 1895 | * | Birth of Avis B. Christiansen, devotional author. One of the most prolific hymnwriters of the 20th century, two of her most enduring hymns today are "Up Calvary's Mountain" and "Precious Hiding Place." | Ref: 5 |
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| 1896 | * | Charles "Lucky" Luciano Sicily, NYC Mafia gangster, is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1896 | * | Roman Jakobson linguist/Slavic scholar (Fundamentals of Language), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1897 | * | Gen Nathan F Twining USAF (Neither Liberty nor Safety), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1897 | * | George Preston Marshall NFL team owner (Washington Redskins), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1899 | * | Harold "Pie" Traynor baseball hall of fame 3rd baseman (Pirates), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1900 | * | Helena Konopacka Poland, discus thrower (Olympic-gold-1928), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1900 | * | Cal Hubbard NFL tackle (Giants, Packers, Pittsburgh Pirates), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1902 | * | Leon Belasco Odessa Russia, actor (Lucky Partners, My Sister Eileen), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1906 | * | Charles Revson cosmetic mogul: founder of the Revlon Co.; is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1906 | * | Earl "Dutch" Clark Colo, NFL hall of fame QB (Spartans, Detroit), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1910 | * | Franz Kemser Germany, 4 man bobsled (Olympic-gold-1952), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1910 | * | Joseph Alsop political newspaper columnist (Men Around the President), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1911 | * | King Hussein of Jordan, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1912 | * | Mike (Fermin) Guerra baseball: catcher: Washington Nationals, Philadelphia Athletics, Boston Red Sox; is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1914 | * | Edward J Day US Postmaster General (1961), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1918 | * | Jerome Robbins choreographer/composer (Tony-West Side Story), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1919 | * | Art Blakey Pitts Pa, drummer (Billy Eckstine Band), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1921 | * | Linda Stirling (Louise Schultz) actress: Jesse James Rides Again, Rio Grande Raiders, Zorro’s Black Whip, Cyclotrode "X", is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1921 | * | ‘Knobby’ Grant Warwick hockey: NHL: NY Rangers [Calder Trophy: 1942], Boston Bruins, Montreal Canadiens, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1922 | * | Kurt Vonnegut Jr author (Slaughterhouse Five, Sirens of Titan), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1925 | * | Jonathan Winters Dayton OH, comedian (J Winters Show, Mork & Mindy), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1925 | * | Nancy Guild LA CA, actress (Where Was I?), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1925 | * | Elmore Leonard, US author known for his crime fiction, is born. | Ref: 17 |
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| 1929 | * | -LaVern Baker Chicago, R&B vocalist (I Cried a Tear), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1930 | * | Harry Glass German DR, first E German Olympic medalist (bronze-1956), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1932 | * | Dottie West (Dorothy Marie Marsh), Tenn, country singer (Here Comes My Baby), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1936 | * | Charles Gordon Fullerton Roch, USAF/ast (STS T-1, T-3, T-5, 3, 51F), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1937 | * | Ron Leibman NYC, actor (Norma Rae, Where's Poppa?, Beauty & Beast), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1937 | | Bobby Charlton is born. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1939 | * | Claudia Boyarskikh USSR, 5K/10K cross country (Olympic-gold-1964), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1939 | * | Maria Bueno tennis champion: Wimbledon [1959, 1960, 1964], U.S. Open [1959, 1963, 1964, 1966], is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1943 | * | Jan Adamski Poland, International Chess Master (1976), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1943 | * | Gene Watson country singer (Heartaches, Love & Stuff), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1944 | * | Rodney Marsh athlete, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1944 | | Ron Liebman is born. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1945 | * | Robert Gale medical doctor: cofounder of International Bone Marrow Registry, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1946 | * | Felton Perry actor (Magnum Force, Sudden Death), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1946 | * | Sawao Kato Japan, gymnast (Olympic-gold-1968, 72, 76), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1946 | * | Daryl Hall, American singer, is born in Pottstown PA. | Ref: 68 |
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| 1948 | * | Daryl Hall rocker/songwriter (Hall & Oates-Sara Smile), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1949 | * | Daryl Hall (Hohl) singer: group: Hall & Oates, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1950 | * | Ron Mayo football: Morgan State Univ, Houston Oilers, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1950 | * | Andrew Woolfolk musician: reeds: group: Earth, Wind and Fire, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1950 | * | Catlin Adams LA CA, actress (Ms Loomis-Square Pegs), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1951 | * | Fuzzy Zoeller New Albany IN, PGA golfer (Masters 1981), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1953 | * | David Morse Beverly Mass, actor (St Elsewhere, House, Inside Moves), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1955 | * | Jigme Singye Wangchuk king of Bhutan (1972- ), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1955 | * | Lindy (Linda) Boone singer: group: The Boone Family; singer Pat Boone’s daughter, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1955 | * | Norm Nixon basketball: Duquesne Univ, LA Lakers, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1961 | * | Steve Young football: San Francisco 49ers quarterback: Super Bowl XXIII [didn’t play], XXIV, XXIX: holds individual Super Bowl record: touchdowns thrown in game [6], fastest touchdown: a 44-yd. pass to Jerry Rice [1 minute, 24 seconds]; Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Los Angeles Express, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1962 | * | Demi Moore [Guynes], Roswell NM, actress (7th Sign, Blame it on Rio), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1962 | * | Joan Cusack Evanston Ill, comedienne (SNL), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1962 | * | Leslie Landon LA CA, actress (Etta Plum-Little House on Prairie), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Vinnie Testaverde NFL quarterback (Tampa Bay Buckineers), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1965 | * | Brian Wilson NYC, murderer (FBI Most Wanted List), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1966 | * | Luke Perry actor: Beverly Hills 90210, Terminal Bliss, 8 Seconds, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Sweet Trash, is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1967 | * | Actor (Beverly Hills 90210) Luke Perry is born. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1969 | * | Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1970 | * | Lee Parkin Starsky daughter of Ringo, is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1971 | * | Luke Perry Mansfield Ohio, actor (Dillon-Beverly Hill 90210), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1974 | * | Leonardo DiCaprio LA, actor (Luke-Growing Pains) | Ref: 5 |
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| 1975 | * | Kellie Martin actress (Life Goes On), is born. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1978 | | Alexander Wolfson is born. | Ref: 10 |
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| 1531 | * | Huldrych (Ulrich) Zwingli, Swiss Protestant reformer, dies. | Ref: 17 |
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| 1737 | * | Earthquake kills 300,000 & destroys half of Calcutta India. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1809 | * | Lewis & Clark: Traveling east along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, on his way from St. Louis to Washington, Lewis commits suicide at Grinder's Stand, an inn south of Nashville. (Later, theories that he was murdered arise, but neither Clark nor Jefferson doubted the original, on-site reports that Lewis had shot himself. Few historians give credence to the the murder theory.). Lewis was 35. | Ref: 65 |
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| 1871 | * | Great Chicago fire ends with 300 dead, 17,500 buildings destroyed, 100,000 homeless. (TWA, 1958) | Ref: 95 |
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| 1877 | * | Outlaw Wild Bill Longley, who killed at least a dozen men, is hanged, but it took two tries; on the first try, the rope slipped and his knees drug the ground. | Ref: 2 |
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| 1889 | * | James Joule physicist: discovered the SI unit of work or energy: Joule’s Law, also called the newton-meter; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1896 | * | Anton Bruckner, composer, dies in Vienna, Austria at age 72. (Cross, Milton, "Encyclopedia of the Great Composers and Their Music", Doubleday & Co, 1953) | |
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| 1915 | * | Jean Henri Fabre, French entomologist, dies at age 91. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1918 | * | Archibald M. Willard artist: The Spirit of ’76; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1925 | * | Auto thief Martin James Durkin shot and killed Special Agent Edwin C. Shanahan while Shanahan tried to arrest him. Agent Shanahan was the first BOI (predecessor of the FBI) agent killed in the line of duty. | Ref: 14 |
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| 1940 | * | Blizzard strikes midwestern US killing over 100. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1940 | * | Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician, dies at age 80. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1958 | * | Johannes Becher, German poet, critic, editor and government official, dies at age 67. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1959 | * | Bert Bell NFL hall of famer, dies at 64. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1961 | * | Chico (Leonard) Marx comedian; the Marx Brother who wore the hat: Animal Crackers, A Day at the Races, Duck Soup; dies. | Ref: 68 |
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| 1962 | * | Rene Coty President of France, dies at 80. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1963 | * | Edith Piaf (Edith Giovanna Gassion) French cabaret singer, actress; dies at age 47. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1963 | | Jean Cocteau | Ref: 10 |
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| 1965 | * | Dorothea Lange, American documentary photographer, dies at age 70. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1967 | * | Stanley Morison, English typographer and scholar, dies at age 78. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1973 | * | Stringbean [David Akeman], banjoist/comedian (Hee Haw), dies at 58. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1976 | * | Connie Boswell singer: dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1977 | * | Dr Mason Gross professor (Think Fast, 2 for the Money), dies at 66. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1977 | * | MacKinlay Kantor Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist: Andersonville [1956]; Long Remember, Gettysburg, Signal Thirty-Two; dies at age 73. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1977 | * | MacKinlay Kantor, American author/newspaperman, dies at age 73. | Ref: 70 |
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| 1983 | * | (Green River Killer) Mary Sue Bello, 25, is last seen. She is the 34th of 48 women Gary Ridgway admits killing. (USA Today, p 3A, 11/06/2003) | Ref: 13 |
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| 1984 | | Trader Vic (Bergeron) 1984 | Ref: 10 |
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| 1985 | * | Orson Welles dies at 70 of a heart attack. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1985 | * | Tex Williams country-western singer, dies at 68 of cancer. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1986 | * | Norm Cash first baseman (Detroit Tigers), dies at 51. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1987 | * | L T Coggeshall medical scientist (Secretary of HEW 1956-58), dies at 86 | Ref: 5 |
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| 1988 | * | Waylon Flowers puppeteer, dies at 48. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1990 | * | Douglas Edwards WW II correspondant, dies of cancer at 73. | Ref: 5 |
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| 1991 | * | Redd Foxx (John Elroy Sanford) comedian: Sanford and Son, The Royal Family, Redd Foxx, The Redd Foxx Show, Harlem Nights, Norman, Is that You?, Cotton Comes to Harlem, dies at age 68 from a heart attack | Ref: 4 |
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| 1993 | * | (Ray) Lee Walls baseball: Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs [all-star: 1958], Cincinnati Reds, Philadelphia Phillies, LA Dodgers: hit 3 home runs in ninth game played at LA Coliseum; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1996 | * | Nobel prize winner in Economics William Vickrey dies 3 days after his Nobel announcement. | Ref: 4 |
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| 1998 | * | Richard Denning (Denninger) actor: Mr. & Mrs. North, Hawaii Five-O, Alice Through the Looking Glass, An Affair to Remember, Black Beauty, Creature from the Black Lagoon; dies. | Ref: 4 |
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| 2002 | * | (DC Sniper) 9:30AM A Washington DC serial sniper kills his 10th victim, Kenneth Bridges, age 53, while he was getting gasoline near Fredricksburg, VA. (USA Today, p 5A, 10/25/2002) | Ref: 13 |
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