| 638 | * | Honorius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope. | Ref: 69 |
|---|
| 642 | * | John IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope. | Ref: 69 |
|---|
| 1518 | * | (Protestant Reformation) Summoned before Cardinal Thomas Cajetan, German reformer Martin Luther, 35, refuses to recant the 95 Theses he had posted the previous October on the chapel door at Wittenberg Castle. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1576 | * | Rudolf II, the king of Hungary and Bohemia, succeeds his father, Maximillian II, as Holy Roman Emperor. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1681 | * | London woman publicly flogged for the crime of "involving herself in politics.” | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1773 | * | America's first insane asylum opens for ‘Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds' in VA. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1792 | * | The first monument honoring Christopher Columbus is dedicated in Baltimore, MD. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1812 | * | The Half Moon Bluff Baptist Church was organized near Clifton. It was the first Baptist congregation to be constituted in the American territory now comprising the state of Louisiana. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1822 | * | 2nd eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1822 | * | Brazil becomes formally independent of Portugal;Don Pedro proclaimed emperor. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1823 | * | Charles Macintosh of Scotland begins selling raincoats (Macs). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1872 | * | Apache leader Cochise signs a peace treaty with General O.O. Howard in Arizona Territory. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1891 | * | Astronomical Society of France is inaugurated. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1915 | * | Theodore Roosevelt criticizes US citzens with dual nationalities. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1920 | * | Construction of the Holland Tunnel got underway. The tunnel would provide a direct link between Twelfth Street in Jersey City, NJ and Canal Street in NY City. The tunnel has two tubes more than 8,000 feet (2,400 meters) long. It opened to traffic on November 13, 1927. Oh, and one more thing: The Holland Tunnel was named for Clifford Milburn Holland (1883-1924), the civil engineer who died while directing the tunnel’s construction. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1927 | * | Wright Field (Greene County, Ohio) is dedicated. (XDG, p 8A, 1/30/2003) | Ref: 83 |
|---|
| 1928 | * | Iron lung respirator first used at Children's Hospital, Boston. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1931 | * | First International Conference on Calendar Reform. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1933 | * | The escapees from the Sep 26th Michigan City jail free Dillinger. Pierpont, Makley and Clark enter the Lima jail and free Dillinger, Pierpont killing Sheriff Jesse Sarber in the process. Copeland, Hamilton and Shouse stand guard outside. After freeing Dillinger, the gang travels to Leipsic,Ohio,Pierpont's home, celebrates Pierpont's birthday the following day. | Ref: 42 |
|---|
| 1933 | * | Alcatraz becomes a federal prison (unofficially). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1939 | * | Evacuation of Jews from Vienna. | Ref: 35 |
|---|
| 1939 | * | Hans Frank appointed Nazi Gauleiter (governor) of Poland. | |
|---|
| 1944 | * | The first B-29s arrive in the Mariana Islands to begin bombing Japan. Japan has so far remained free from air attacks (except for the symbolic Doolittle raid in 1942). | Ref: 91 |
|---|
| 1945 | * | Private First Class Desmond T. Ross, of Lynchburg, Virginia, is presented the Congressional Medal of Honor for outstanding bravery as a medical corpsman, the first conscientious objector in American history to receive the honor. When called on by his country to fight in World War II, Ross, a dedicated pacifist, registered as a conscientious objector. Eventually sent to the Pacific theater of war as a medical corpsman, Ross voluntarily put his life in the utmost peril during the bloody battle for Okinawa, saving dozens of lives well beyond the call of duty. | |
|---|
| 1948 | * | First Morris Minor car in Britain produced at Cowley, Oxfordshire designed by Alec Issigonis. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1949 | * | Eugenie Anderson becomes the first woman U.S. ambassador. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1950 | * | The Kefauver Crime Commission convened in NY to investigate interstate organized crime. TV was there the following year, showing Frank Costello’s hands for a long, long time on screen. Mr. Costello told Senator Estes Kefauver’s committee that he would refuse to testify on TV if his face was shown. So, viewers were shown his hands instead. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1955 | * | A petition is placed in front of the Greene County [OH] Commissioners to alter the boundaries of Xenia Township. The measure will be approved and placed into effect on December 31st. (XDG, p 6A, 12/26/2003) | Ref: 83 |
|---|
| 1960 | * | At the United Nations, Soviet Premier Nikita Khruschev went ballistic, taking off his shoe and pounding it on his desk! The UN Assembly President, Frederick Boland, was so irritated that he split his gavel trying to reestablish order. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1962 | * | Univac gives contract for SIMULA compiler to Nygaard and Dahl. | Ref: 62 |
|---|
| 1963 | | Archaeological digs begin at Masada, Israel. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1963 | * | At 4AM, traffic on Bay Bridge was 1-way on each deck | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1968 | * | Equatorial Guinea gains independence from Spain (National Day). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | (Manson) Charles Manson is arrested at Barker Ranch in Death Valley and charged with grand theft auto. He is put in jail in Independence. | Ref: 87 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | Yoko Ono suffers another miscarriage. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1971 | * | The House of Representatives passes the Equal Rights Amendment 354-23. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1972 | * | 46 sailors are injured in race riot on aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1973 | * | President Richard Nixon nominates House Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., to succeed Spiro T. Agnew as vice president. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1975 | * | Archbishop Oliver Plunkett became 1st Irish-born saint in 7 centuries. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1976 | * | Hua Guo-feng succeeds Mao Tse-tung as chairman of Communist Party. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1977 | * | US Supreme Court heard arguments in "reverse discrimination" case of Allan Bakke, white student denied admission to U of Calif Med School. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1978 | | Representatives of Israel & Egypt open talks in Washington. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1982 | * | 38.6 cm (15.2") of rainfall, Angoon, Alaska (state record). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1983 | | The last Maytag wringer-washer was made. Maytag was the last company to make the hand-operated washers. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1983 | | Japan's ex Prime Minister found guilty of taking a $2 million bribe from Lockheed. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1984 | * | IRA bombs hotel where Margaret Thatcher is staying. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1985 | * | Intl Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War receives Nobel Prize. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1988 | | Israel & China sign trade deal, plan diplomatic relations. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1993 | * | (King) (and 13th) Powell and Koon report one day apart to Camp Parks near San Francisco to begin serving their federal sentences. | Ref: 87 |
|---|
| 1999 | * | World population hits 6 billion, according the the UN Population Fund. Fatima Nevic gave birth to an 8-pound, healthy boy two minutes after midnight in a Sarajevo, Bosnia hospital, who has been declared the symbolic 6 billionth person. The boy has not yet been named. | |
|---|
| 1999 | | Pakistan's military overthrew the democratically elected government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 2001 | * | A 7.0 earthquake hits south of the Mariana Islands. | Ref: 85 |
|---|
| 2001 | * | NBC News said an assistant to anchorman Tom Brokaw had tested positive for skin anthrax after opening a letter addressed to Brokaw. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1492 | * | (Old Style calendar; October 21st New Style), Christopher Columbus arrived with his expedition in the present-day Bahamas. (A sailor on Pinta spotted the Bahamas at 2 am) | Ref: 6 |
|---|
| 1918 | * | 1st use of iron lung (Boston's Children Hospital). | |
|---|
| 1928 | * | The Graf Zeppelin, the first commercial dirigible to cross the Atlantic, embarks on its maiden voyage. | |
|---|
| 1957 | * | 1st commercial flight between California and Antartica | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1962 | * | US/USSR signed an agreement for joint space effort in telecommunications and meteorology; pact was never fullfilled | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1964 | * | The Soviet Union launches Voskhod 1 into orbit around the Earth, with cosmonauts Vladamir Komarov, Konstantin Feoktistov, and Boris Yegorov aboard. The Voskhod 1 is the first spacecraft to carry a multi-person crew, and the two-day mission is also the first flight performed without space suits. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | Soyuz 7 is launched. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1972 | * | Mariner 9 takes pictures of Martian north pole. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1975 | * | NASA launches space vehicle S-195. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1976 | * | 4th Space Shuttle Enterprise, approach & land test (ALT) flight. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1977 | * | 4th test of the space shuttle Enterprise. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1985 | * | Challenger moves to Vandenberg AFB for mating of STS 61A mission. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1988 | * | Steven Jobs, one of the founders of Apple, unveils the first computer by his new company NeXT. | Ref: 62 |
|---|
| 1702 | * | Admiral Sir George Rooke defeats the French fleet off Vigo. | |
|---|
| 1722 | | Shah Sultan Husayn surrenders the Persian capital of Isfahan to Afgan rebels after a seven month siege. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1776 | * | A British Brigade begins guarding Throgg Necks Road in the Bronx. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1860 | * | British & French troops capture Peking. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1861 | * | Confederate ironclad Manassas attacks Union's Richmond on Mississippi. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1862 | * | JEB Stuart completes his "2nd ride around McClellan". | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1862 | * | Maj Gen Earl Van Dorn assumes command of Confederate troops in Missisippi. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1899 | * | The Anglo-Boer War begins at Cape Province, Mafeking. Zulu mountain trap sprung in the Anglo-Zulu War. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1918 | * | Pershing forms 2nd Army under command of General Bullard. | |
|---|
| 1940 | * | In a convoy in the North Atlantic, submarine U-101 torpedoes and sinks the merchant ship Saint-Malo south of Iceland. The ship was a former French vessel requisitioned by the Canadian government. 28 are killed. | |
|---|
| 1940 | * | Germans postpone Operation Sealion until Spring of 1941. | Ref: 36 |
|---|
| 1941 | * | Russian govt moves from Moscow to Volga as Nazis close in on Moscow. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1942 | * | During World War Two, President Roosevelt delivered one of his so-called "fireside chats" in which he recommended the drafting of 18- and 19-year-old men. | Ref: 6 |
|---|
| 1942 | * | US navy defeats Japanese in WW II Battle of Cape Esperance. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1942 | * | Attorney General Francis Biddle announced that Italian nationals in the United States would no longer be considered enemy aliens. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1943 | * | The U.S. Fifth Army begins an assault crossing of the Volturno River in Italy. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1943 | * | British forces begin landing on the Portuguese Azores islands, to establish airbases. | |
|---|
| 1970 | * | President Richard Nixon announces the pullout of 40,000 more American troops in Vietnam by Christmas. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 2000 | * | A suicide bomb attack on the U.S. destroyer Cole in Yemen killed 17 sailors. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1853 | * | John Morrissey wins a decision over James Ambrose (Yankee Sullivan) in the 37th round in Boston Corners NY for the American boxing championship | Ref: 97 |
|---|
| 1895 | * | The first amateur golf tournament was held -- in Newport, Rhode Island. A chap named Charles Blair McDonald beat a field of 31 others in the event. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1907 | * | The Chicago Cubs claim their first World Series title, beating the Tigers 2-0 behind pitching of Mordecai (Three-Finger) Brown. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1911 | * | Honus Wagner closes out the season with a .334 average, good enough to earn the "Flying Dutchman" his National League record eighth, and final, batting title. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1916 | * | Ernie Shore three-hits the Dodgers, 4-1 as the Red Sox win the World Series in five games. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1920 | * | The leading race horse money winner of the day ran for the last time. Man o’ War beat Sir Barton in Canada’s Kenilworth Park. Man o’ War’s career earnings totaled nearly $250,000. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1920 | * | Stan Coveleski shuts down the Brooklyn Dodgers, leading the Indians to a 3-0 victory. The Indians are World Champions for the first time, winning the series 5 games to 2. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1923 | * | The largest crowd to catch a World Series game (over 62,000) saw Casey Stengel hit the winning home run as the NY Giants beat the Yankees 1-0. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1927 | | Hermann Gorner of Germany raises 24 men weighing 4,123 lbs on a plank with the soles of his feet. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1948 | * | The Yankees announce that Casey Stengel will replace Bucky Harris as manager. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1967 | * | The St. Louis Cardinals beat the Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in the World Series. A few stats worth remembering: In 27 innings, Bob Gibson allowed three runs and 14 hits to notch St. Louis’ eighth title. Although he and Boston’s Jim Lonborg pitched spectacularly, the series tied the record for most pitchers used (20). St. Louis’ Lou Brock collected 12 hits for a .414 average and a Series-record seven stolen bases. He also tied a Series mark with eight runs. Roger Maris batted .385, collecting ten hits. Julian Javier batted .360. Boston’s Carl Yastrzemski batted .400 with three homers. Dalton Jones batted .389. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1968 | * | The games of the XIX Olympiad were opened in Mexico City by Mexican President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz. Norma Enriqueta Basilio de Sotelo became first woman to light the Olympic flame. The high-altitude (2,240 meters or 7,573 feet above seal level) and polluted air in Mexico City, put the athletes to a real test. Black Americans Tommie Smith and John Carlos gave the black power salute during the national anthem as a protest against racism in the U.S. They were expelled from the Olympic Village & thrown off the team by the USOC. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | Thanks to Al Wiess' ninth inning hit and the combined two-hitter tossed by Koosman and Ron Taylor, Mets even the World Series at one game apiece with the Orioles. This is the Mets first ever World Series win. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1972 | * | Billy Harris failed in first Islander penalty shot. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1974 | * | First time Wash Caps are shut out as they are beat 6-0 by Minnesota. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1977 | * | "Throwaway Game" Catfish Hunter loses WS 6-1 resting Yank pitchers. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1982 | * | In Game 1, Brewer Paul Molitor establishes a World Series record getting five hits as Milwaukee beats the Cardinals, 10-0, behind Mike Caldwell's three-hitter. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1983 | * | At Baltimore's Memorial Stadium, the Orioles even the series at a game apiece as they defeat the Phillies, 4-1. In a battle between rookie pitchers, Mike Boddicker throws a three-hitter besting Charles Hudson as John Lowenstein paces the Birds' offense with three hits, including a fifth inning home run. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1986 | * | The Angels are one strike away from the World Series, when Dave Henderson, who had earlier watched Bobby Grich's fly ball bounce off the heel of his glove and over the center field fence to give California the lead, hits a two-run homer off of Donnie Moore on a 2-2 count putting the Red Sox ahead, 6-5; California will tie game in the bottom of the frame, but Boston will prevail scoring the deciding run in the 11th inning on a Henderson sac fly. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | The start of a world championship chess match match between Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov played at the Lope de Vega Theatre in Seville, Spain. After some brilliant games by Karpov, and some blunders by Kasparov, Kasparov retained the title when the match ended in a 12-12 tie. | Ref:78 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | Minnesota Twins beat Detroit Tigers for AL pennant. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1989 | * | Herschel Walker is traded from Cowboys to Vikings for 12 players. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1993 | * | The Toronto Blue Jays defeat the Chicago White Sox 6-3 in the sixth game of the ALCS to win their second straight AL pennant and advance to the World Series against the Philadelphia Phillies. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1995 | * | Governor Tommy Thompson signed the Stadium Bill into law in the centerfield parking lot at County Stadium assuring Wisconsin would remain a Major League State for the next 30 years. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 1999 | * | Colorado Rockies announce a restructuring of the front office, including new hires Josh Byrnes, Michael Hill, Bill Schmidt and Boyd Coffie for key baseball posts. | Ref: 86 |
|---|
| 2001 | * | Tom Kelly retires as the Twins' skipper. During his 15-season tenure, the longest among current managers, he won two World Series titles and compiled a record of 1140-1244 for the small market team. | Ref: 1 |
|---|
| 1609 | * | The song "Three Blind Mice" is published in London by teenage songwriter Thomas Ravenscroft, believed to be the earliest printed secular song. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1886 | * | Fiction: Start of Sherlock Holmes "The Adventure of The Second Stain" (BG). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1924 | | Sokolnicheskaya Radio begins broadcasting from Moscow. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1937 | | The longest-running detective show on radio debuted. Mr. Keen, Tracer of Lost Persons lasted until 1955. Three different actors played the title role, Bennett Kilpack was Mr. Keen the longest, and Arthur Hughes saw the final show. Phil Clark also played the part. There were many more than three sponsors -- Anacin, Kolynos (a toothpaste), BiSoDol antacid mints, Hill’s cold tablets, Heet liniment, Dentyne, Aerowax, RCA Victor and Chesterfield cigarettes. Some are long gone, some are still around, some don’t advertise on radio anymore, and some are not allowed to. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1937 | | Under pressure from Paramount, Max Fleischer signs the first animation union contract and settles the Cartoonist strike begun May 8th. | Ref: 73 |
|---|
| 1944 | * | Who could forget the picture of a huge crowd of swooning bobbysoxers stopping traffic in NY’s Times Square as Frank Sinatra made his triumphant return to the famed Paramount Theatre (he had played there for eight weeks starting on December 30, 1942). In what was called the ‘Columbus Day Riot’, 25,000 teenagers, mostly young women, blocked the streets, screaming and swooning for Frankie. Sinatra later explained, “It was the war years, and there was a great loneliness. And I was the boy in every corner drug store ... who’d gone off, drafted to the war. That was all.” | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1950 | * | The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show made its debut on CBS-TV. Burns and Allen had been on the radio since 1935. The TV show ran through Sep 22, 1958, featuring the real-life married couple at home. George played on-screen host/narrator and straight man for Gracie’s scatterbrained (but hillarious) schemes. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1953 | | "The Caine Mutiny Court Martial" opens at Plymouth Theatre, N.Y. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1961 | * | The first video memoirs by a U.S. president were made. CBS presented a three-hour discussion with former President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Reportedly, 11 hours of film were used and later, edited to the final print. The interviewer was Walter Cronkite. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1968 | * | Cheap Thrills, the album by Big Brother and the Holding Company, started an eight-week run as number one in the U.S. It was the first and only album (for a major label) Janis Joplin made with Big Brother and the Holding Company. The album’s tracks: Combination of the Two, I Need a Man to Love, Summertime, Piece of My Heart, Turtle Blues, Oh, Sweet Mary, Ball and Chain. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1971 | * | Some folks weren’t pleased when Jesus Christ Superstar premiered on Broadway because of the controversial content of the musical. Before the show opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre, some 2.5 million copies of the album were sold to the curious. The Tim Rice/Andrew Lloyd Weber collaboration would become a big hit. Jesus Christ Superstar would run on Broadway for 720 shows, and spawn several hit songs, including I Don’t Know How to Love Him (Helen Reddy) and the title song, Jesus Christ Superstar (Murray Head). | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1977 | | Psychic Romark attempts to drive blindfolded, smashed into cop van. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1981 | * | Barbara Mandrell walked away with the Country Music Association’s Entertainer of the Year honor for the second year in a row. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1986 | * | It cost $100 a seat. It featured refreshments and food. It ran for 8.5 hours. The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby closed on Broadway this day. Incidentally, those who saw it may remember that there were potty breaks scheduled, so the audience wouldn’t miss one thrilling moment. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | George Harrison releases "Got My Mind Set On You". | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1992 | * | Expo '92 closes in Seville Spain | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1994 | | Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg and David Geffen announce their new partnership in a studio later to be called Dreamworks SKG. | Ref: 73 |
|---|
| 1995 | * | Walt Disney World receives its 500,000,000th guest. (Ref: "Disney, The First 100 Years", 1999, ISBN 0-7868-6442-7) | |
|---|
| 1537 | * | Edward VI, king of England (1547-53), the only son of Henry VIII (king of England) by his third wife Jane Seymour, is born. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1742 | * | Johann Peter Melchior, German artist, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1798 | * | Pedro I, the 1st emperor of Brazil (1822-31), king of Portugal, is born. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1840 | * | Helena Modjeska Poland, Shakespearian actress (Juliet)/anti-Russian, is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1844 | * | George Washington Cable, American writer (Northampton Years), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1855 | * | Arthur Nikisch Szent-Mikl¢s Hungary, conductor (Berlin Philharmonic), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1858 | * | Isaac Newton Lewis, American army officer and inventor, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1860 | * | Elmer A. (Ambrose) Sperry inventor: Sperry Automatic Pilot [gyroscopic compass]; founder: Sperry-Rand Corp, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1866 | * | Ramsay MacDonald, British statesman, PM (1924, 1929-31), is born. | Ref: 17 |
|---|
| 1868 | * | Charles Sumner Greene, architect, is born. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1872 | * | Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer: is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1883 | * | Birth of C. Harold Lowden, American sacred composer. His most enduring hymn tunes today are GENEVA ("God Who Touchest Earth with Beauty") and LIVING ("Living for Jesus a Life That is True"). | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1889 | * | Perle Mesta, American diplomat, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1891 | * | Perle Mesta (Skirvin) socialite: ‘The hostess with the mostes’; diplomat: appointment as U.S. envoy to Luxembourg [1949] inspired Broadway play Call Me Madam; is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1891 | * | Saint Edith Stein, German scholar and Carmelite nun; later executed by Nazis because of her Jewish background, is born. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1894 | * | Dr Charles Hodge Calif, NYU professor (Answers for Americans), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1896 | * | Eugenio Montale Italy, poet/translator (Xenia-Nobel 1975) | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1906 | * | Joe (Joseph Edward) Cronin Baseball Hall of Famer: Pittsburgh Pirates, Washington Nationals [World Series: 1933/all-star: 1933, 1934], Boston Red Sox [all-star: 1935, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941]; American League president; American League Chairman; is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1912 | * | Actor Will Rogers, Jr. is born. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1916 | | Alice Childress, is born. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1921 | * | Jaroslav Drobny Czech, hockey (Oly-gold-1948), tennis (Wimb-1954), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1923 | * | Jean Nidetch, founder of Weight Watchers, is born in Brooklyn NY. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1925 | * | William Steinkraus US, equestrian jumper (Olympic-gold-1968), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1926 | * | Hans Liebold Germany, auto racer (Nardo, Italy), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1929 | * | Robert Coles Milton Mass, author (Pulitzer 1973), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1932 | * | Ned Jarrett auto racer: NASCAR/International Motorsports Hall of Famer, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1932 | * | Dick Gregory comedian/political activist/dietician (Bahamian Diet), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1932 | * | Dusan Makavejev Belgrade Yugoslavia, director (Man is Not a Bird), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1932 | * | Jake Garn (Sen-R-Ut)/astronaut (STS 51D), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1935 | * | Luciano Pavarotti Emmy Award-winning opera star: Pavarotti in Philadelphia: La Boheme [1982-1983]; actor: Yes, Giorgio, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1935 | * | Samuel Moore singer: group: Sam & Dave Emmy Award-winning opera star, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1936 | * | Tony (Anthony Christopher) Kubek, shortstop (NY Yankees)/sportscaster (NBC-TV), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1939 | * | Jerry Hill football: Baltimore Colts running back: Super Bowl III, V, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1940 | * | Glenn (Alfred) Beckert baseball: Chicago Cubs [all-star: 1969-1972], SD Padres, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1947 | * | Chris Wallace Chic Ill, newscaster (NBC Weekend News), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1948 | * | Rick Parfitt singer, musician: guitar: group: Status Quo, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1949 | * | Dan Medlin football: Oakland Raiders guard: Super Bowl XI, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1950 | * | Susan Anton Oak Glen Calif, actress/singer (Golden Girl, Spring Fever), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1951 | * | Sally Little golf champion: Nabisco Dinah Shore [1982], Du Maurier Classic [1988], LPGA [1980], is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1951 | * | Jeff Winans football: University of Southern CA [USC], is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1951 | * | Bernie Ruoff West Germany, CFL kicker (Winnipeg, Hamilton), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1956 | * | Dave Vanian (Letts) singer; group: The Damned, is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1962 | * | Sid Fernandez Hawaii, pitcher (NY Mets), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1964 | * | Jo Ann Willette actress (Constance-Just 10 of Us, Real Genius), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1968 | * | Adam Rich NYC, actor (Nicholas-8 is Enough, Code Red, Gun Shy), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | Kimberly Ann Grimm Mt Lake Park Md, Miss Maryland-America (1991), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1970 | * | (Heisman Trophy 1993) Charlie Ward football: Florida State quarterback: Heisman Trophy winner [1993], is born. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1970 | * | Kimberly Hoskins Yuma Arizona, Miss Arizona-America (1991), is born. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1970 | * | Kirk Cameron Panorama City Calif, actor (Mike-Growing Pains) | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1285 | * | 180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich Germany, they are set on fire. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1694 | * | Matsuo Basho greatest Japanese haiku poet, dies. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1845 | * | Elizabeth Fry, Quaker minister/prison reformer/nurse, dies at age 65. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1859 | | Robert Stephenson dies. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1860 | * | Sir Henry G W Smith leader of British-Indian forces, dies at 73. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1864 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) Roger Taney, 5th chief justice of the United States; noted for the Dred Scott decision (1857), dies at 87. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1867 | * | (US Supreme Court Justice) Roger Brooke Taney, 5th chief justice of the United States; noted for the Dred Scott decision (1857), dies at age 87. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1870 | * | General Robert E. Lee dies in Lexington, Virginia, at age 63. | Ref:77 |
|---|
| 1886 | * | Hurricane & sea surge kills 250 at Indianola Texas. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1888 | * | Joseph Moses Levy, English newspaperman; founded the London newspaper Daily Telegraph, dies at age 75. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1898 | * | Fourteen were killed, 25 wounded in violence resulting when Virden, Illinois mine owners attempted to break a strike by importing 200 nonunion black workers. | Ref: 59 |
|---|
| 1905 | * | Josephine Shaw Lowell, American social reformer, dies at age 61. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1915 | * | Despite international protests, Edith Cavell, an English nurse in Belgium, is executed by Germans for aiding the escape of over 200 Allied prisoners. | Ref: 68 |
|---|
| 1918 | * | Cloquet Minn & 25 other communities destroyed by forest fire, 559 die. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1924 | * | Anatole France, French writer; won the Nobel Prize for Literature (1921), dies at age 80. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1940 | * | Tom (Thomas Hezikiah) Mix, Mix Run PA, Texas Ranger, silent screen cowboy actor (Dick Turpin), dies in a one-car auto crash in Arizona at age 60. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1943 | * | Max Wertheimer, Czech-born American psychologist; founder of Gestalt psychology, dies at age 63. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1945 | * | Jesse James Payne lynched in Madison County Florida. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1947 | * | Sir Ian Hamilton, English general, dies at age 94. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1955 | * | Bernard Macfadden (Bernard Adolphus McFadden) physical fitness/exercise advocate: founded Coney Island Polar Bears [1903]; publisher: Physical Culture Magazine, True Story Magazine, True Romances, True Detective Mysteries Magazine, Photoplay; author: Macfadden’s Encyclopedia of Physical Culture, Physical Training, Fasting, Hydropathy, and Exercise, Virile Powers of Superb Manhood, How to Raise a Strong Baby, Colds, Coughs, and Catarrh, Talks to a Young Man about Sex, Be Married and like It, [close to 150 books]; hotel magnate; founded Bernarr Macfadden Institute; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1958 | * | Ed Hinton actor (Henderson-I Lived 3 Lives), dies at 30. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1968 | * | Sonja Henie ice skater: Norwegian Olympic gold medalist [1928, 1932, 1936]; World Champion [1927 thru 1936]; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1969 | * | Sonja Henie, the Norwegian figure skater who was the women's world champion for 10 years and a three-time gold medalist in the Olympics, dies. | Ref: 70 |
|---|
| 1971 | * | Gene Vincent (Craddock) singer: Be-Bop-A-Lula, Lotta Lovin’, Dance to the Bop; actor: The Girl Can’t Help It; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1971 | * | Dean Atcheson, the US government official and primary creator of NATO, dies. | Ref: 15 |
|---|
| 1982 | * | Howard Sackler Pulitzer Prize-winning author: The Great White Hope [1969]; Fear and Desire, Jaws 2; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1984 | * | Margaret Thatcher survives IRA assassination attempt; 5 others are killed. | Ref: 10 |
|---|
| 1985 | * | Johnny Olsen TV announcer (Price is Right), dies at 75. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | Alfred M. Landon, Republican governor of Kansas who carried only two states in his overwhelming defeat for the presidency by Franklin Roosevelt in 1936, dies at age 100. | Ref: 2 |
|---|
| 1987 | * | Philleo Nash US Bureau of Indian Affairs (1961-67), dies at 77. | Ref: 5 |
|---|
| 1988 | * | Ken Murray (Don Court) actor: Follow Me, Boys!, The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, The Marshall’s Daughter; dies at age 85. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1989 | * | Carmen Cavallaro pianist: Chopin’s Polonaise; films: The Eddy Duchin Story, Hollywood Canteen, Out of this World, Diamond Horseshoe; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1991 | * | Regis Toomey (actor: Change of Habit, Warlock, They Died with Their Boots On, Shadows of the Orient, The Curfew Breakers) dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1992 | * | An earthquake, measuring 5.9 on the Richter scale, hit Dahshur, near Cairo, Egypt. More than 500 people were killed and about 6500 others were injured. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1994 | * | Raul Julia (Raul Rafael Carlos Julia y Arcelay) actor: The Addams Family, Kiss of the Spider Woman; received four Tony award nominations: Proteus, Mack the Knife; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1996 | * | Jean Rene Lacoste tennis; founder of Lacoste tennis clothing [the company with the alligator logo]; dies | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1997 | * | Singer John Denver (Deutschendorf), piloting an experimental, amateur-built Long-EZ airplane, crashed into Monterey Bay, CA. Witnesses said the plane, made of fiberglass with a single engine and two seats, was flying about at about 500 feet “when it just sort of dropped unexpectedly into the ocean. When it hit the water it broke into numerous parts.” Denver, age 53 and the only occupant of the plane, was killed. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 1998 | * | Matthew Shepard, a gay University of Wyoming student, dies five days after being beaten and lashed to a fence; two men were charged with his murder. (Russell Henderson later pleaded guilty to murder and kidnapping; a second suspect, Aaron McKinney, has yet to stand trial.) (TWA, 1999) | Ref: 95 |
|---|
| 1999 | * | Basketball Hall of Famer Wilt Chamberlain dies in his home at age 63 of an apparent heart attack. | Ref: 9 |
|---|
| 2002 | * | A massive car bomb explodes outside the Sari Club, on Bali, Indonesia, killing 202 people, many of them foreign tourists. Islamic militants linked to al-Qaida were blamed. After four days, 30 of the 39 identified bodies are those of Australians, with scores more to identify. (Columbus Dispatch, p A14, 10/17/2002) | |
|---|
| 2002 | * | Ray Conniff choral/orchestra director: theme from Dr. Zhivago; LP: S’wonderful, Somewhere My Love; musician: trombone; dies. | Ref: 4 |
|---|
| 2003 | * | Rachael Townsend of Plains OH dies shortly after completing the Chicago Marathon. (XDG, p 6B, 10/14/2003) | Ref: 83 |
|---|
| 2003 | * | Willie Shoemaker, the jockey who rode four Kentucky Derby winners, dies in San Marino CA at age 72. (WSJ, p A1, 10/13/2003) | Ref: 33 |
|---|
| 2003 | * | Joan Kroc, philanthropist wife of the late Ray Kroc, founder of McDonald's, dies near San Diego, of cancer. (WSJ, p A1, 10/14/2003) | Ref: 33 |
|---|